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Friday, April 29, 2011

Screening for renal cancer in recipients of kidney transplants

Screening for renal cancer in recipients of kidney transplants: "
Background. Renal cancer is the most common solid organ cancer in the kidney transplant population with an excess risk ~ 5-fold greater than the general population. It is uncertain whether routine screening for renal cancer is cost-effective. The aim of our study is to estimate the costs and health benefits of ultrasonographic (US) screening for renal cancer in the kidney transplant population.


Methods. A Markov model was developed to compare the costs and benefits in a cohort of kidney transplant recipients (n = 1000, aged 18–69 years), who underwent annual and biennial US screening for renal cancer, compared with a cohort that did not.
Results. For recipients of kidney transplants aged 18–69 years, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for routine US screening ranged from $252 100/LYS for biennial screening to $320 988/LYS for annual screening. A total of two and one cancer deaths were averted in the annually and biennially screened population, with a relative cancer-specific mortality reduction by 25% and 12.5%, respectively. Using a series of sensitivity analyses, the ICER was most sensitive to the costs and test specificity of ultrasonography, prevalence of disease, and the risk of graft failure in the screened population.
Conclusions. Routine screening for renal cancer may reduce the risk of cancer-related deaths in recipients of kidney transplants. Uncertainties, however, exist in the model’s influential variables including the risk of graft failure among those who received contrast-enhanced diagnostic computer tomography. Given the available evidence, routine screening for renal cancers may not be cost-effective for recipients of kidney transplants.
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1 comment:

  1. Aun continuamos sin tener claridad acerca del tamizaje de muchos tumores. Los pocos en los que ha claridad de una ventaja de costo/efectividad, son los mismos que en la población general: Mama, Cervix, prostata, piel (De importancia el autoexamen mamario y de piel). Donde hay algo de claridad el tamizaje con sangre oculta y/o rectosigmoidoscopia o colonoscopia en mayores de 50 años para cancer de colon y rectal. Y donde definitivamente no hay suficiente evidencia es respecto al tamizaje para cancer renal, pulmon y otros.

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